τίς

τίς

B Interrog. Pron. τίς, Elean and [dialect] Lacon. τίρ (q.v.), τί:—gen. [dialect] Ep.and [dialect] Ion.

τέο Il.2.225

, Herod.8.1, etc., or

τεῦ Od.15.509

, Hdt.5.106, etc.; Trag. and [dialect] Att.

τοῦ A.Pr.614

, Ar.Nu.1223, etc.; [dialect] Ion., Trag., and [dialect] Att.

τίνος Simon.154

, Hdt.6.80, A.Pr.563 (anap.), S.Aj.892, Ar Ach. 588, etc.; dat. [dialect] Ion.

τέῳ Hdt.1.11

, al. (as fem., 4.155); no dat. in Hom. or Hes.; Trag. and [dialect] Att.

τῷ S.Ant.401

, D.19.60, etc.; [dialect] Aeol.

τίῳ Sapph.104

; τίνι first in Pi.N.7.57, A.Pers.715 (troch.), S.OT10, Ar. Ach.919, Hdt.3.38, Th.1.80, D.20.115, etc.; acc.

τίνα Il.5.703

, etc.; neut.

τί 1.362

, etc.: dual τίνε (elided) Ar.Av.107: pl.. nom.

τίνες Od. 1.172

, etc.; neut.

τίνα Pl.Phd.102a

, Aeschin.2.81, Hipparch.1.1.4, Gem.17.12, Ep.Hebr.5.12; gen. [dialect] Ep.

τέων Il.24.387

, Od.20.192, and as monosyll. 6.119, 13.200; Trag. and [dialect] Att.

τίνων S.El.1476

, OC 2, Ar.Nu.1089, etc.; dat. τίσι first in S.OT1126, Ar.Ra.1455, Pl.R. 332d, etc. (no dat. in Hom. or Hes.); also

τοῖσι S.Tr.984

(anap.); [dialect] Ion.

τέοισι Hdt.1.37

, cf. 2.82 (v.l. ὁτέοισι); [dialect] Aeol.

τίοισι Sapph.168

; acc.

τίνας S.OC115

, Ar.Av.370 (troch.); neut.

τίνα Arr.Epict.1.30.3

; [dialect] Boeot. τά Pi.O.1.82 (Adv.); Megar.

σά Ar.Ach.757

,784 (Adv.): of the pl. Hom. uses only nom. τίνες with gen. τέων; ποῖος (what? which?) is sts. preferred (esp. in neut. pl.) to the Adj. τίς, e.g. τὰ ποῖα ταῦτα χρήματα; Ar.Nu.1270, cf. 1337, Th.621, Pl.Cra.391e, 395d, 406d; v. ποῖος 1.3 and IV:

I in direct questions, who? which? neut. what? which? ὦ ξεῖνοι, τίνες ἐστέ; Od.9.252; τί νύ μοι μήκιστα γένηται; 5.299; τίς δαίμων τόδε πῆμα προσήγαγε; 17.446; τίς ἀχώ, τίς ὀδμὰ προσέπτα μ' ἀφεγγής; A.Pr.115 (lyr.), cf. 561 (anap.), etc.; properly at the beginning of the sentence; but this position may be varied,

a for grammatical reasons, as between the Art. and part. or noun, τοὺς τί ποιοῦντας τὸ ὄνομα τοῦτο ἀποκαλοῦσιν; X.Mem.2.2.1, cf. Pl.Smp.206b; τῆς περὶ τί πειθοῦς ἡ ῥητορική ἐστιν τέχνη; Id.Grg.454a; ὁ σοφιστὴς τῶν τί σοφῶν ἐστιν; Id.Prt.312d.

b for emphasis, ἃ δ' ἐννέπεις, κλύουσα τοῦ λέγεις; S.OC412, cf. El.1191; πόλις τε ἀφισταμένη τίς πω . . τούτῳ ἐπεχείρησε; Th.3.45; esp. when the Verb begins the sentence, δράσεις δὲ δὴ τί; E.HF1246; ἦλθες δὲ κατὰ τί; Ar.Nu.239; διαφέρει δὲ τί; D.18.205.--The person freq. follows in gen. pl., as τίς θεῶν; Il.18.182, etc.; and of things or conditions, τί is freq. with the genit. sg., of all genders, πρὸς τί χρείας; S.OT1174; ἐλπίδων ἐς τί; Id.OC1749 codd. (lyr.);

κἀνήρετ' ἐν τῷ πράγματος κυροῖ ποτε Id.Aj.314

, etc.

2 sts. as the predicate, τίς ὀνομάζεται; what is he named? E.Ph.123; so also may be expld. the union of τίς with a demonstr. or possess. Pron., or with a Noun preceded by the Art., τί τοῦτ' ἔλεξας; S.Ph. 1173 (lyr.); τί ἐστι τουτί; τίς ὁ τρόπος τοῦ τάγματος; Id.Ichn.114; also with Pron. in pl., τί ταῦτα; E.Ph.382, Andr.548, etc.; τί γὰρ τάδ' ἐστίν; Ar.Nu.200; τί ποτ' ἐστίν, ἂ διανοούμεθα; Pl.Tht.154e; τί ποτ' ἐστὶ ταῦτα; ib.155c;

σκεπτέον τί τὰ συμβαίνοντα Id.Grg.508b

; so τί is used as predicate of a masc. or fem. subject, τί νιν προσείπω; A.Ch. 983(997); τί σοι φαίνεται ὁ νεανίσκος; Pl.Chrm.154d:—also τίς δ' ὅδε Ναυσικάᾳ ἕπεται; who is this that follows N.? Od.6.276; τίς δ' οὗτος ἔρχεαι; Il.10.82, cf. Alc.84.1, S.El.328,388, Ant.7,218, E.Hec.501, Pl.Cri.43c; and in the reverse order, τήνδε τίνα λεύσσω . . ; who is this I see? E.IA821; τίνι οὖν τοιούτῳ φίλους ἂν θηρῴην; with what means of such kind . . ? X.Mem.3.11.9; τί τοσοῦτον νομίζοντες ἠδικῆσθαι; Id.Smp.4.53; τί με τὸ δεινὸν ἐργάσῃ; what is the dreadful thing which . . ? E.Ba.492, cf. S.OC598,1488, etc.; τίν' ὄψιν σὴν προσδέρκομαι; what face is this I see of thine? E.Hel.557; παρὰ τίνας τοὺς ὑμᾶς; who are 'you' to whom [I am to come]? Pl.Ly.203b:—the Art. is exceptionally added to τίς, when it leads up to a word which requires the Art., ληφθήσει . . Πανήμου εἰκάδι· καὶ Λῴου τῇ--τίνι; τῇ δεκάτῃ on the twentieth of the month Panemus and of Loüs on the --what day? the tenth, Call.Epigr.46:—in Com.also τὸ τί; what is that? Ar.Nu.775, Pax696, Av.1039, Pl.902, etc.; τοῦ τίνος χάριν; UPZ6.29 (ii B.C.); and with pl. Art., τὰ τί; Ar.Pax693.

3 with prop. names treated as appellatives (v. τις indef. 11.6b), τίς ἆρα Κύπρις ἢ τίς Ἵμερος; S.Fr.874; τίς σε Θηρικλῆς ποτε ἔτευξε; Eub.43; τίς . . Χίμαιρα πύρπνοος; Anaxil.22.3.

4 τίς ἂν θεῶν . . δοίη; like πῶς ἄν, would that some one . . , S.OC1100, cf. A.Ag.1448 (lyr.).

5 a question with τίς often amounts to a strong negation, τῶν δ' ἄλλων τίς κεν οὐνόματ' εἴποι; Il.17.260; τίς ἂν ἐξεύροι ποτ' ἄμεινον; Ar.Pl.498; τίνες ἂν δικαιότερον . . μισοῖντο; Th.3.64, etc.

6 sts. two questions are asked in one clause by different cases of τίς; ἡ τίσιν τί ἀποδιδοῦσα τέχνη δικαιοσύνη ἂν καλοῖτο; Pl.R.332d;

τί λαβόντα τί δεῖ ποιεῖν D.4.36

:—a like doubling of the question lies in the union of τίς with other interrog. words, τίς πόθεν εἰς (εἶς codd.) ἀνδρῶν; Od.1.170, cf. S.Tr.421.

7 τίς with Particles:—τίς γάρ; why who? who possibly? τίς γάρ σε θεῶν . . ἧκεν; Il.18.182; v. infr. 8 f.

b τίς δέ; ὦ κοῦραι, τίς δ' ὔμμιν . . πωλεῖται; h.Ap.169.

c τίς δή; who then?

τίς δή κεν βροτὸς . . ἅζοιτ' ἀθανάτους Thgn.747

; τίς δῆτα; S.Aj.518.

d τίς ποτε; who in the world? who ever? τίς ποτ' ὢν γενεὰν καὶ ποίαν τινὰ φύσιν ἔχων; X.Cyr.1.1.6, cf. S.El.975; τίς δήποτε; Id.Fr.106 (but τίς ἄν ποτε is prob. cj.).

8 the usages of the neut. τί; are very various:

a τί; alone, as a simple question, what? τί γάρ; A.Th.336 (lyr.):—on ὅτι τί; ὅτι τί δή; ὅτι δὴ τί; v. ὅτι B. 1b; on ὡς τί; v. ὡς F.1.

b τί τοῦτο; τί ταῦτα; v. supr. 2.

c τί μοι; τί σοι; what is it to me? to thee? S.Ph.753, etc.; c. gen., τί μοι ἔριδος καὶ ἀρωγῆς; what have I to do with . . ? Il.21.360; τί δέ σοι ταῦτα; Ar.Lys.514, cf. Ec.521 (where the answerer repeats the question in indirect form, ὅ τί μοι τοῦτ' ἔστιν;) ; ἀλλὰ δὴ τί τοῦτ' ἐμοί; Diph.32.18; τί ἐμοὶ καὶ σοί; what have I to do with thee? LXX Jd.11.12, Arr.Epict.2.19.19, Ev.Jo.2.4; τί σοὶ καὶ εἰρήνῃ; LXX 4 Ki.9.18, cf. Ho.14.9; τί πρὸσσέ; M.Ant.8.44, cf.Ev.Matt.27.4; σοὶ δὲ καὶ τούτοισι τοῖσι πρήγμασι τί ἐστι; what have you to do with these matters? Hdt.5.33; τί τῷ νόμῳ καὶ τῇ βασάνῳ; D.29.36:—folld. by a clause, τί δὲ τίν, εἰ κωτίλαι εἰμές; Theoc.15.89; or with inf., τί γάρ μοι τοὺς ἔξω κρίνειν; 1 Ep.Cor.5.12:—v. εἰμί c.111.2.

d τίμαθών; τί παθών; v. μανθάνω v,

πάσχω 111.4

.

e τί; also often stands abs. as Adv. how? why? wherefore? Il.1.362, etc.; so too in [dialect] Att., Pl.Cri. 43c, etc.; δόμων γὰρ ζῶσι τῶνδε δεσπόται. Answ. τί ζῶσιν; how do you mean

ζῶσι ζῶσι

forsooth!

E.Alc.806

; Κιθαιρὼν--Answ. τί Κιθαιρών; what aboutK.? Id.Ba.1177 codd., cf. 1182 (both lyr.); cf. τίη.

f τί with Particles: -τί γάρ; why not? how else? and so it came to mean of course, no doubt, A.Ag.1239, Ch.880, Eu.678, etc.; used in affirmative answers, Pl.Phdr.258d, Tht.209b, al.; to introduce an argument, Arist.Pol.1281a14; v. γάρ 1.4:—τί δαί; v. δαί:—τί δέ; serving to pass on quickly to a fresh point, Pl.Hp.Ma.288c, al.; τί δέ, εἰ . . ; but what, if . . ? E.Hel.1043; τί δ' ἄν, εἰ . . ; Ar.Th.773; τί δ' ἢν . . ; Id.Nu.1444; τί δέ, εἰ μὴ . . ; what else but . . ? X.Oec.9.1, cf. S.OT 941, Ph.421; so τί δὲ δή; τί δή; τί δή ποτε; why ever? why in the world? what do you mean? Pl.R.470e, Grg.469a, Sph.241d, S.El. 1184:—so also τί δῆτα; how, pray? τί δῆτ' ἄν, εἰ . . ; Ar.Nu.154:— (τί μή; f.l. in S.Aj.668):—τί μήν; i.e. yes certainly, much like τί γάρ; Pl.Tht.162e, etc., prob. in S.Aj.668:—τί μὴν οὔ; in reply to a question, Id.El.1280 (lyr.):—τί νυ; why now? Il.1.414, etc.:—τί δ' οὔ; parenthetic, why not? as an affirmative answer, S.Ant.460; τί οὐ καλοῦμεν; i.e. let us call, Ar.Lys.1103; τί οὐ βαδίζομεν; etc., Pl.Prt.310e, etc.:—τί οὖν; how so? making an objection, A.Th. 208; but τί οὖν ἔτ' ἂν σαίνοιμεν . . μόρον; ib.704; τί οὖν οὐκ ἐρωτᾷς; Pl.Ly.211d:—τί ποτε; v. τίπτε;

g with Conjunctions following:—τί ὅτι . . ; why is it that . . ? Stratt.62 (f.l.), LXX Ge. 3.1, Ev.Luc.2.49, etc.:—with Conjunctions preceding, ἵνα τί; v. ἵνα B. 11.3 c.

h with Preps.:—διὰ τί; wherefore? Ar.Pl.1111, etc.:—ἐκ τίνος; from what cause? X.An.5.8.4:—ἐς τί; to what point? how long? Il.5.465; but also, to what end? S.Tr.403, cf. OC524 (lyr.):—κατὰ τί; for what purpose? Ar.Nu.239:—πρὸς τί; wherefore? S.OT766, 1027, etc.

II τίς is sts. used for ὅστις in indirect questions,

εἰρώτα δὴ ἔπειτα τίς εἴη καὶ πόθεν ἔλθοι Od.15.423

, cf. 17.368;

δεῖξον τίς ἔσται τῇ ταλαιπώρῳ χρόνος A.Pr.623

; οὐδ' ἔχω τίς ἂν γενοίμαν ib.905 (lyr.);

οὐκ ἔχω τί φῶ Id.Ch.91

, cf. S.OC48, etc.;

ἐπισκεψώμεθα τίνες πέπανται σφενδόνας X.An.3.3.18

; εἰπὲ τίνα γνώμην ἔχεις ib.2.2.10; freq. in later Gr., where ὅστις is very rare,

εἰς τὸ λογιστήριον γράφων . . τί ὀφείλεται PHib.1.29.42

(iii B.C.), cf. PCair.Zen. 21.40, al. (iii B.C.); οὐθεὶς ἐσήμηνεν παρὰ τί ἂν τοῖς προστεταγμένοις . . οὐ κατηκολούθησαν nobody indicated why they should not have obeyed orders, PTeb.72.160, cf. 61 (b).227 (ii B.C.); ὅστις and τίς are sts. combined,

ὡς πύθοιθ' ὅ τι δρῶν ἢ τί φωνῶν ῥυσαίμην S.OT71

, cf. A.Pr.489 sq., 617,623:—later with inf., τί πράττειν οὐκ ἔχω I do not know what to do, Aesop.67, cf. Ps.-Luc.Philopatr.29.

b sts. not in indirect questions, whoever, whatever,

αἰτοῦ τί χρῄζεις ἕν E.Fr.773.2

; ταῦτα οὐκ ἀπέστελλον πάντα, ἀλλ' ἐκλεγόμενοι τίνων αἱ τιμαὶ ἐπετέταντο whatever things had risen in price, D.56.24; τίνα δ' ἁ Κύπρις οὐκ ἐφίλησεν whomsoever K. has not loved, AP5.169 (Noss.); τίνι ἡ τύχη δίδωσι, λαβέτω Antiochusap.Ptol.Euerg.3 J.;

λαμβανέτω τί θέλει AP12.219

(Strat.);

τὰν ὀνάλαν κίς κε γινύειτει IG 9(2).517.22

(Larissa, iii B.C.); καὶ τί ἂν εἶ ( = ᾖ) λοιπόν ib.5(1).1390.50 (Andania, i B.C., nisi leg. καἴ τι ἂν, v. supr.A. 111.2e);

τίς ἂν δὲ χεῖρα προσαγάγῃ Epigr.Gr.376a

([place name] Aezani);

τίς σοφός, αὐτῷ προσκολλήθητι LXXSi.6.34

;

οὐ τί ἐγὼ θίλω, ἀλλὰ τί σύ Ev.Marc.14.36

; τίς σοφίῃ πάντων πρῶτος, τούτου τρίποδ' αὐδῶ Orac. ap. D.S.9.3 et ap.D.L. 1.28 codd. (ὃς Cobet from Sch.Ar.Pl.9);

χαῖρε καὶ σύ, τίς ποτ' εἶ IG9

(2).953 ([place name] Larissa), cf. CIG1982 ([place name] Thessalonica); in other places, as S.El.1176, Tr.339, OT1144, E.Ion324, this constr. cannot be admitted.

c τίς = ὅστις after a neg., μή τίς ἐστιν ἐν ὑμῖν ἀνὴρ ἢ γυνὴ . . , τίνος ἡ διάνοια ἐξέκλινεν κτλ.; LXX De.29.18.

d = ὅς or

ὅσπερ, τέων . . Ζεὺς ἐπὶ σαλπίγγων ἱρὰ βοῇ δέχεται Κᾶρες ὁμοῦ Λελέγεσσι Call.Aet.3.1.60

, cf. Del.185, Epigr.30.2, Nic.Al.2;

Δωροθέαν, τίς τὸν ἐμὸν ἄνδρα εἶχε Tab.Defix.Aud.10.4

(Cnidus, ii/i B.C.), cf. 5.2,8;

τίνας ἱερεωσύνας εἶχον ἐπενεγύων SIG705.43

, cf. 56 (Senatus consultum, Delph., ii B.C.);

τίνα με ὑπονοεῖτε εἶναι, οὐκ εἰμὶ ἐγώ Act.Ap. 13.25

; τίς ἔζησεν ἔτη β who lived . . , IG14.1560 ([place name] Rome), cf. 1391 (ibid.);

εὗρον γεωργόν, τίς αὐτὰ ἑλκύσῃ BGU822.5

(ii/iii A.D.).

2 τίς; τί; in direct or indirect questions may be construed with a part., σὺ δὲ τίς ὢν ταῦτα λέγεις; being who, i.e. who are you that . . ? Pl.Grg.452a;

ἐπειρέσθαι . . τίνες ἐόντες ἄνθρωποι . . ταῦτα προαγορεύουσι Hdt.1.153

; καταμεμάθηκας . . τοὺς τί ποιοῦντας τὸ ὄνομα τοῦτο ἀποκαλοῦσι; X.Mem.2.2.1; or in a subordinate clause, ἀλλ' ὅταν τί ποιήσωσι, νομιεῖς αὐτοὺς σοῦ φροντίζειν; ib.1.4.14; νῦν δ' ἐπειδὴ τίνος τέχνης ἐπιστήμων ἐστί, τίνα ἂν καλοῦντες αὐτὸν ὀρθῶς καλοῖμεν; Pl. Grg.448c.

III = πότερος; X.Cyr.1.3.17, Pl.Phlb.52d, Ev.Matt. 27.21, Ev.Luc.5.23.

IV τί as exclamatory Adv., how . . !

τί ὡραιώθησαν σιαγόνες σου ὡς τρυγόνες LXX Ca.1.10

, cf. 4.10; τί θέλω how I wish! Ev.Luc.12.49; τί στενή v.l. in Ev.Matt.7.14.

C Prosody: τις and τίς keep [pron. full] ῐ in all cases (digamma operates in Il.6.462, etc.).

II τί was never elided; but hiatus is allowed after τί in [dialect] Ep. τί ἢ (v. τίη), also in Com., as τί οὐ; Ar.Av.149; τί οὖν; Id.Pl.94; τί ἔστι; Id.Nu.82, Av.1036; τί, ὦ πάτερ; Id.Nu. 80:—a licence which is rarer in Trag., τί ἔστιν; S.Ph.733; τί οὖν; A.Th.208,704, Eu.902, S.Aj.873 (lyr.), Ph.100, etc.; τί εἶπας; Id.Tr.1203, Ph.917.